% of GDP - Source frequency: annual
Total gross expenditure on research and development as a percentage of GDP.
Investment in R&D drives innovation and long-term productivity gains. Australia consistently invests below OECD peers.
Higher is better
Source: ABS Research and Experimental Development (Cat. 8104.0); OECD MSTI
GREEN = favorable trend within acceptable band of baseline. AMBER = flat or mild change. RED = unfavorable trend beyond threshold.
